Lecture Notes 1,2, and 3

Lecture one- Modernity and Modernism


"MODERN" - JOHN RUSKIN

• Modernity is an improvement on the old, its a progression, consumer culture exists because of this. For example Fashion exists due to consumer culture.
• Paris was one of the most modern place that existed in the 1900's, it was the " place to be"
• Urban life was fundamentally different from life in the country, William hunts image shows this.

URBANISATION/ INDUSTRIALISATION = NEW THINGS

• The change from farm life to urban life was huge, pace was quick, people now working in factories and have more of a routine. For example facto roe workers had " work time" and "leisure time", they had more of a structure to their lives.
• Trains and other public transport, Cinema, and telephones were invented, meaning people were much better connected with each other and the rest of the country, The world becomes smaller, and people are brought together. Electricity was invented
• Trottroir Roullant- The more affluent wandering the streets in paris whilst the less well off, gaze into the distance, this shows the different life styles and how people spent their time.
• Effel tower was created in 1889, many hated it and didn't like to look at it
• Race for modernity between Europe, especially Britain and Europe, they would race for the newest and best technology

SECULAR SOCIETY- PEOPLE TURN TO SCIENCE INSTEAD OF RELIGION

• The city is a social hub, it becomes palace of new experience, and a place to study
• Modernity is becoming more and more popular, e.g the Effel tower uses modern materials and doesn't try to hide it, where as other new buildings at the time were made by modern materials, but were disguised to look "old"
• Life is changing, pace of change and life is quick, many don't like this change.
• Fashion is becoming the key signifier to show who you are
• Many people feel isolated by this new pace of life

PARIS - HAUSSMANISATION 

• Center of paris was a slum
• Napoleon knocked it all down and employed Haussmann to build Boulevards and "clean up" the city
• becomes the centre for the rich, the poor are pushed to the outskirts
• city is changed physically by Haussmann

Postmodernism  Lecture 2 
 postmodernism is a follow u of mdernism
Modernism was often horrible as designers followed the rule of form over function
Modernist art pushes experimentation, it pushes new painting tecniques and new types of architecture, it aso pushes new innovation and inspiration, as well as individualism
Its progressive and pushes purity, as well as turning to nw methods to finding inspriation.
Posrmodernism is characterised by
-Exhaustion
pluralism
postmodernism is a reaction to modern life , tecnology and new innovation


MUSEUM FOR MODERN ART


Jean Tinguely- peice of podern art against the type of modern ar, a machine which breaks itself as entertainment, showing tecnology is flawed and is negotive towrds progress
1917- German writers mention postmodernism
1960-Beguining
1970- postmodernism was established as a term
1980- recognisable as a term and style
1990- less fashionable
Todat- people think less of it and it is questioned as a theory
PPOSTMODERNISM
- after modernism
-history following modern
-contrastiong modernism
-Equivilent to late capitalism, Jameson
- Artistic and stylistic electicism
-Global village, globalization of cultures
CHARLES JENKS
 postmodernism dies at exactly 3.32 on 15th of july 1972, aftre the demolation of pruitt Igoe  development in st Loius.


Postmodernism ther are no rules
SEAGRam BUILDING NEW YORK  is a good example of moodernism
Park hill flas in sheffield, were very unpopular amougsts its residents, it was cold and very unhomely, good example of a failed modernist design
PHILLIP JOHNSON- at and t building in new york 1982
Guggenheim museum- Frank Gehry
metanarrative-one explaination which seeks to encompass everything, for example totalising beleif systems= this results on a crisis in confidence, the idea that the world must imprve or why are we living? people start to question their beleifs in god or something greater. Untopian ideas
POSTMODERNISTS CONSIST OF
-COMPLEXITY
-CHAOS
MIXING MATERIALS
-REUSING MATERIALS AND IMAGES LIKE MIXED MIEDIA
roy litchenstien- :this ust be the plac” 1965 very sarasic
the divide between high art and low art was greatest at this tme than ever in history
1960- NEW YORK was the best place to be, the most cool and hip place to spend time 1970’ the collest place to be chaged to Las Vegas, where it was acceptable to let differnt styles and designs clash.
 the Postmodern city is called distopia instead of utopia its now all mixed up and e.g Blade runner


Andy Warhol - not an attempt to produce a portrait, it was a mediation in which society creats a star, its not a celebration of tecnology, tecnology is flawed
he produce a paintig with copper paint and urine, which took the mick out of Kacdon pollocks modern painting
Piero Manzoni- produced cans of his own shit and sold them for thousands of pounds, the curiocuty was in the face that noone knew wether it was real or not and so the owner of the “art”  would have to open the can in order to find out wether its real or not.
Fredric Jameson- nobody benefits in anythin, we have a sarcastic culture and it has no depth or meaning, society just recycles eras, Flat culture, Warhols work as no depth, try to be as shallow as possible


Postmodernist art is accessable to everyone, all differnt types of people understand postmodernist art,
Memphis Group- postmodernist type is much more humourous than modernist.
Jamie reed- sex pistols posters 1981
IN CONCLUTION
POSTMODERNITY QUESTIONS CONVENTIONS SUCH AS MODERNISM
POSTMODERNISM- ANTI PURITY, ITS ABOUT COMBINIG EVERYTHING
POSTMODERNISM - BELIEVS THAT THE WORLD IN NOT IMPROVING LIKE MODERNISM BELEIFS BUT IT IS IN FACT JUST  THE SAME IT IS NOT OPTIMISTIC.


Lecture 3 -Graffiti and Street Art

• Caines in France- real caves closed up, as oxygen was making the illustrations n the walls deteriorate, fake ones made so that the public can view.
• Ancient roman graffiti, Pompeii 
• Kilroy- WW2- COMIC VALUE-  shortage of food 
• Paris- may- 1968- strike for 2 weeks for all factory workers
• New York-1970's- spray can graffiti, hip hop culture, groups of people who are ignored so turn to graffiti with political messages behind them. Joan Naar- 1973
• Jean- Micheal Basquait-SAMO- same old shit, moved to Neo expressionism, he worked with Andy Warhol and then later on he died of a Heroine overdose 
• Kath Harvey- subway graffiti art, Paris, Berlin, Melbourne, good example of campaigning. "pop shop" celebrity hang out. 
• Jenny Holzer- times square show 1980- berlin wall came down, which divided two areas eastern from western, it expresses their view on politics,
• TATS CRU- took away the meaning of graffiti by using in in advertising.
• Invader- french artist, born 1969, location is significant "attack of Montpelier"
• Bansky- Graffiti moves to art galleries 
• Shepard Fawrey-2008 president Obama posters  red white and blue, 
• Jr- photographs in Rio de Janeiro, photographs on the sides of run down buildings.
• Blu- (Italy) and Os Gemeos (brazil) in lisbon 2010
• Corsa Advert 2011
• 123 Klan,- collaborated with Adidas and Sony
• Paul Kurtis- Reverse graffiti, uses power washing to make an image.
• Sam 3 - spain, black paint
• VHILS
• Faith 71- Amsterdam
• FAFA- France- manga cartoon style, over sexualised 
• Miss Van- overt sexuality to images 
• Herakut- german artist 
• Swoon- doyle like white paint, female artist, more interested in the content than the appearance
• Palistine wall- art of resistance, its political 
• Exit through the graffiti shop.
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